Metamorphose II, M. C. Escher 1938-40
                Escher's paintings are filled with illusions. Escher had many paintings, in which he used two vs. three dimensions, the concept of infinity, and the illustration of concave and convex structure. One of his famous works is "Metamorphose II." He created it between 1938 and 1940. "Metamorphose II" is a thirteen foot piece of work in which he carved symmetrical patterns that merge gradually into other patterns. His work showed a “gradual progression of transformation”(Escher's Art). In his work he used black, green, and brown colors to show a rhythm of change. In the beginning of the work, "Metamorphose II," Escher used letterforms (words that are arranged in a pattern) to create an illusion.
                The word “metamorphose” is placed in the end of both sides of the piece and starts the gradual patterns in both directions. “Placed horizontally and vertically in the plane, with the letters o and m as points of intersection the words are gradually transformed into a mosaic of black and white squares which in turn develop into reptiles"(Escher's Art). Escher's patterns evolve into honeycombs, then bees, then birds, fish and even a city. Lastly, the pattern goes back to the abstract in the end to complete the “metamorphic cycle.” 
                The reason Escher's work has endured into modern day is because everyone needs to escape from reality once in a while. One loses all sense of time and reality when looking at Escher's work because the objects go on for infinity. Human nature is to strive toward the point of infinity, and this place of infinity is mysterious. Every person wants to reach this point, however. Escher's art allows us to know this possibility of infinity, and to make that place seem like reality.
Escher may have seen the realities of war when he was younger and wanted to escape into his own world. He once said, "I don't grow up. In me is the small child of my early days."( Escher's life) After the horror of the war, Escher put all his energies into his paintings which acted as a remedy to a harsh world. From his statement, "I could fill an entire second life with working on my prints,"(Escher's life) we can safely assume that Escher found his reality in illusion.

The Endless Enigma, Salvador Dali 1938               
             
        Historically, during the time when Dali draw "The Endless Enigma", there was an intense time before a World War II. In 1937 Dali was interested in the movement, which main aspiration was an idea of a person not understanding the content of the picture. In 1937 Dali visited Italy. In Italy, he became interested in Classicism. Then in 1939 he moved to U.S.A. Between 1939 and 1941, Dali changed his style from Surrealism to Classicism. His new style was based on religion thoughts, science and history(Dali's life).
                Figures in Salvador Dali's "The Endless Enigma" painting have no real or concrete form; every object flows into another object making the overall painting subject to interpretation. Perhaps Dali is trying to show that what you see may not be what another person sees; also, this painting evokes a sense of confusion because the viewer really cannot decide what objects exist in the painting. For example, the head in the centre of the painting transforms into another object; the nose and mouse transform into a vase; the eyes become small boats. Dali demonstrates the concept of the illusion of reality by showing that transformations of objects are infinite. Because it is impossible to recognize, what shape objects have in this picture, a viewer cannot understand what is real and what fantasy is. This mystifying experience creates a feeling of unexplained riddle. 
                     Today, people are tired from routine life and monotonous news. Dali's painting is a small bright spark in peoples' being. One of the reasons why people watch movies, read books, and draw pictures is to escape from boring reality. Illusion is an entertainment. The combination of reality and illusion is a way out of cruel truth. Dali tried to show that there is now a line between reality and illusion. Illusion is life, without it (illusion) life would be boring.
               

Don Quixote, Pablo Picasso 1955
           
               Picasso was involved in Surrealism. The majority of his works were made in this style. In 1955, Picasso drew a picture of Cervantes's wondrous characters, from the book "Don Quixote". Pablo Picasso drew this picture for the magazine Lui Arigona, Les lettres francaises (Don Quixote).
                Don Quixote is fanatical knight. He completed numerous of "feats". One of his acts was a fictional battle with windmills. He tried to find adventures. Don Quixote was a knight-errant.
                Pablo Picasso used smooth lines in his painting. Picasso showed in his work the contrast between illusion and reality. In the picture the "brave" man is transformed into a sickly loser. His "strong" horse becomes a wreck. Picasso used this distinction to show that reality and illusion always exist at the same time. Picasso said, “Art is a lie that makes us realize the truth.”(Picasso's life) Art is an illusion. This illusion forces an observer to formulate a question about the picture in their minds and to concentrate on what is really in the picture. After that an observer is able to understand the irony of the picture.
             In our days, people love to enjoy Picasso's art. His art is an incomprehensible. Picasso showed in his pictures that reality is another side of illusion. Misapprehension helps the viewer to recognize the actual truth. To know what the truth is, there is a need to identify two sides of this truth. One is illusion and one is reality. Illusion represents reality. Reality is illusion.

Bibliography

·         "Salvador Dali."Frontline: Biography. PBS Online, 2003. Web. 29 Apr. 2011.
               http://www.biography.com/articles/Salvador-Dal%C3%AD-40389?part=2
·         " Metamorphose."Frontline: Escher. PBS Online, 2001. Web. 29 Apr. 2011.                http://www.3quarks.com/en/Metamorphose/index.html
·         June Reynolds."Who is Don Quixote". Webb.29 Apr. 2011.
                http://www.quixotequest.org/resources/Feedback/WhoIsDonQuixote_102700.html
·         Fred Jechel."A Possible Source for Picasso's Drawing of Don Quixote". Webb 29 Apr. 2011.
               http://www.h-net.org/~cervantes/csa/artics92/lo_re.htm
·         "Salvador Dali" Frontline: Biography.PBS Online, 1997. Web.29.Apr,2011
               http://www.duke.edu/web/lit132/dalibio.html
·         "Salvador Dali Bibliography". Frontline: Dali. PBS Online, 2010. Web. 29 Apr. 2011.
               http://www.salvador-dali.org/dali/en_biografia.html